Cherry Farming | cherry plant in India | How to plant a cherry tree
Introduction to Cherry Fruit: – Botanically, cherry fruit is a “Drup” (Stone Fruit), it belongs to many plants of the genus Prunus and is rich in healthy nutrients and excellent antioxidants. Basically, the cherries are native to Europe and Asia. Cherries are grown worldwide and the top 3 growers of cherries are Turkey, USA and Iran. India is the 26th largest producer in this list. As this fruit needs cooling, Northeast India is suitable for its cultivation. Due to high returns in cherry cultivation, or cherry farming the cultivation of cherry fruits is gaining popularity in temperate regions of the country. how to grow cherry trees will see this in this article step by step.
Local names of cherry fruits in India: – Cherry, Cherry (Hindi), Cherry (Telugu), Cherrypazum (Malayalam), Cefsoraupti (Tamil).
Health Benefits of Cherry Fruit: – Below are some health benefits of cherry fruit.
- Cherries are a full of Vitamin C and Fiber source
- Cherries can help you sleep better.
- Cherries can reduce skin aging
- Cherries reduce the risk of heart attack.
- Cherries can prevent colon cancer.
- Cherries can protect against diabetes.
- Cherries help reduce inflammation.
- Cherries prevent muscle damage.
- Cherries can improve brain function.
- Cherries can reduce pain in arthritis.
Main Types of Cherry Fruits in India: –
There are more than 110 varieties of sweet cherries which are divided into Hart groups and Bigareu
Bigarreau group of cherries :
Under this group, cherries are round in shape and usually the color of the fruit is dark to light red. The most promising hybrids in this group are Lapin, Summit, Sue, Sam, Sunburst and Stella.
Heart Group of cherries :
Under this group, cherry fruits are heart shaped with tender flesh. Fruits are dark red to light red in color.
Recommended varieties in India: cherry plant in India
Himachal Pradesh: White Heart, Stella, Lambert, Pink Early, Napoleon White, Black Tartarian, Van, Early Rivers and Black Republican.
Jammu and Kashmir: Bigareu Noir Gross, Gigne Noir Hetiv, Early Purple Black Heart, Gigne Por Ova Precess, Black Heart, Bigareu Napoleon, and cherries berries.
• Uttar Pradesh: Governors Wood, Bedford Prolific and Black Heart.
How to plant a cherry tree | growing cherry trees | How to grow cherry trees
Climate requirement for cherry fruit cultivation: –
As we all know, cherries grow well in cold climates, during winter season it takes about 1300 hours to 1600 hours. Cherry fruits grow successfully at an altitude of 2400 m above sea level. In India, due to favorable climate, cherries are grown commercially in the states of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir and Uttar Pradesh. Annual rainfall of 110 to 130 cm is required for its growth. Spring frosts should be avoided as cherry blossoms are susceptible to frost.
Soil requirement for cherry fruit cultivation : –
For good growth and high yield of cherries, suitable soil should be selected. The cherry tree requires deep sandy loam soil with pH range of 6.5 to 7.8. Fertile soil with good moisture retention capacity is ideal for cherry cultivation. Since cherry trees are sensitive to water stagnation, be sure to have an internal well drain. Avoid thick soils in cherry fruit cultivation.
Propagation in cherry fruit cultivation or cherry farming: –
In the cultivation of cherry fruit is propagated by seeds or by root cuttings. Cherry plants are propagated mainly by grafting method.
Rootstock seedlings in cherry fruit cultivation: –
In India, seedlings of Bird Cherry, Paja, Mazard and Mahaleb are used for growing sweet cherry seedlings. Generally, cooling process is required for germination of seeds, but paja seeds do not require any cooling process. Mazard and Mahaleb seeds need stratification. Generally, cherry seeds are extracted from fully ripe fruits. These seeds should be dried and should be kept in a cool place. Cherry seeds should be soaked in 510 ppm GA3 for about 1 day. After that, moisture should be maintained during stratification.
As soon as the roots come out, transplant the seedlings to the rootstock nursery. The pits in the nursery bed should be 6 cm deep and spaced 15 cm at a distance of 27 cm from row to row. Nursery beds should be covered with 17 cm thick grass to retain soil moisture. These beds should be lightly watered and the mulch should be removed when the seedlings reach a height of 6.5 cm. Water the beds twice a week and make sure the beds are weed-free.
Clonal rootstock in cherry fruit cultivation or cherry farming: –
Colt and Mazard F12 / 1 clonal rootstocks are commercially preferred for growing cherry trees in the State of Himachal Pradesh. Colt rootstock is simple from the root and can be multiplied by cuttings. Hardwood cuttings 40 cm long with pencil thickness should be taken in February. Pre-treatment on cuttings should be done by IBA (2,550ppm) for 10-12 seconds. These cuttings should be planted in the nursery for roots.
The root cuttings of the cherry tree should be planted in December and the seedlings of the descendants should be planted in March. Tongue grafting is recommended between February-March. For grafting, when the cherry buds are dormant, the descendant wood should be collected in winter. Sion wood moss should be packed in grass and then wrapped in damp sack bags. The offspring should be stored at 2 ° C -4 ° C till the use of wood bundle cuttings.
Land preparation and cultivation for cherry farming: –
In India, the ideal planting season for cherries is December to January and these fruits are grown mainly in hilly areas. Contour or terrace systems are usually practiced. However, the square method is practiced in the valley region. The distance between the plants depends on the rootstock used. However, 6 x 6 m spacing is preferred for seedlings grown in seedlings. The land should be given two plows for fine threshing and weeding.
Dig 1 x 1 x 1 m pits and fill with a mixture of 45 kg of decomposed manure (FMY) and 1/2 kg of super phosphate just 4 weeks before planting. 16 cm above the ground level Pits should be filled.
Irrigation in Cherry Fruit Cultivation or cherry farming: –
In India, cherry cultivation depends on rainfall. However, in areas where annual rainfall is low and uneven distribution of rainfall is expected, cherry trees need frequent irrigation to retain moisture. Especially during fruit growth, cherry trees need to be watered at weekly intervals for better fruit quality and size. Irrigation should be done in hot climates (April to May). Drip irrigation can be accepted as the best water management method.
Weed control in cherry fruit cultivation: –
In cherry orchards, the basins should be kept clean by removing weeds by hand or by using chemical herbicides. Diron 4 kg/ha can be applied with a pre-emergence controller and paraquat (0.5%) to control post-emergence weed growth. Several applications may be required to control weed growth for 5 to 6 months. Weeding also effectively controls weed growth. Any green manure crops can be taken to improve soil fertility.
Training and pruning of cherry fruit cultivation: –
Generally, the cherry tree needs an “improved leader system” as a training system. In this system, the plants should be raised to 75-85 cm at the time of planting. The center part should be kept intact and 4 to 6 branches (wide angles) at a distance of 27 cm should be selected for the first pruning. After 2.5 to 4 years, the central leader should be led and the side branches should be allowed to grow. Cherry-bearing trees need some pruning to keep the center of the tree open. Dead and diseased branches should be removed as part of pruning.
Fertilizers and Fertilizers in Cherry Fruit Cultivation: –
Cherry trees need good organic and organic fertilizers for a quality fruit set. Fertilizer and fertilizer schedule for sweet cherry cultivation is as under.
Harvesting in Cherry Fruit Cultivation or cherry farming: –
It is important to determine the right harvest time for cherry fruit cultivation. The stage of maturation at the time of fruit picking has a major impact on fruit production and quality. Color and taste are the best way to choose the right fruit at the right time.
Yield of cherry fruits in cherry farming: –
Yield depends on soil fertility, rootstock used, plant density and ultimately agricultural management practices. An average of 22 kg of cherries can be obtained per tree.
What is the best month to plant cherries?
Where do cherry trees grow best?
Do I need 2 cherry trees to get fruit?
Is it hard to grow cherry trees?
How long do cherries take to grow?
How fast does a cherry tree grow?
Flowering cherry trees grow at a rate of 1 to 2 feet per year and once they are planted and properly planted, cherry blossom trees need a little care later.
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What is the best month to plant cherries?
Plant cherries in late autumn or early spring (when the soil is soft and has high humidity). Make sure for sweet cherries, different varieties pollinate each other. Plant on sunny sites with good air circulation; Avoid planting near trees or shade buildings.
Where do cherry trees grow best?
Oregon, Washington, and California produce more than 98 percent of the sweet cherries in the United state, and where Michigan is the top tart cherry-producing state.
Do I need 2 cherry trees to get fruit?
For pollination and fruit set do I have to plant more than one cherry tree ? … Only a single sour cherry tree needs to be planted for pollination and fruit set. Many sweet cherry varieties cannot bear fruit from their own pollen and are considered to have no fruit of their own. cross-pollination is required for these plants for the fruit set.
Is it hard to grow cherry trees?
Growing a cherry tree from seed or pit is not difficult, but if you want to grow a cherry tree, there are difficulties in pollinating your tree and meeting the winter cold requirements.
How long do cherries take to grow?
Cherry trees take about three years to form and begin to bear fruit in the fourth year. Most fruit crops do not bear fruit the same year you plant them, but once they begin to bear fruit they can continue to do so for years – a mature cherry tree can bear about 30-50 quarts of fruit in one season.
How fast does a cherry tree grow?
Flowering cherry trees grow at a rate of 1 to 2 feet per year and once they are planted and properly planted, cherry blossom trees need a little care later.
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